1. What is a Myth? This section presents the various definitions that have been given to the content of the concept of “myth”, its origin and function in the context of a certain society, its differentiation from other related genres (legend, fairy tale) as well as its distinction from historiography . 2. Cambridge Ritual School Presentation of the ritual approach to ancient Greek myths (“Cambridge School”). 3. Functional interpretation of the myth. The evolution of the Cambridge School into a functional school is studied. 4.Rituals of blood and fire. Description and interpretation of the content of the sacrifice and its importance for the gods and the people in ancient Greek society. Emphasis on blood and fire rituals. 5. Violence and the sacred. The institutionalization of violence within the official ideology of ancient Greek society is presented and it is analyzed how the ritually repeated killing (sacrifice) keeps violence outside the boundaries of society. Reference to the sacrificial crisis (R. Girard). 6. The myth of Oedipus – Oedipus the Tyrant by Sophocles. The medicine ritual is studied and the main points of the Oedipus myth by Sophocles are presented.7. Freudian interpretation of the myth. The Freudian interpretation of the approach to ancient Greek myths and the application of Freudian views to the formation of the human mental world in the genesis and formation of myths is presented. Psychic functions are read, such as those of repulsion, transposition, projection and the phenomenon of the Oedipus complex. 8. Symbiotic phase and separation anxiety in the myth. In this section the concepts of symbiotic confusion, the phase of separation and the fear of castration are presented and their application to characteristic examples of myths from the Hesiodian Theogony.9. Female reactions to maternal threat in myth. The presentation of the Freudian interpretation is completed with reference to the way the sons react to the mother’s threat. The theory is applied to the mythological examples of Orestes, Hephaestus, Zeus, Dionysus and Hercules. 10. Structural analysis of the myth – Rethinking Oedipus. The basic principles of the structural analysis of ancient Greek myths are examined and the different interpretations of the Oedipus myth during the 20th century, as formulated by Freud, Vernant, Levi-Strauss, Dodds and Lacan, are presented.11. French School of interpretation of the myth – Hesiod’s myth of the five generations. The hermeneutical approach to the myth of the genera (Acts and days, v. 106-201) by J.-P. Vernant with the aid of schematic illustration. 12. Dionysos – Anthestiria. The unit studies the origin of Dionysus and the content of his cult. Special emphasis is given to the feast of the Anthestiri and the importance of each of the three days that make it up (Pithoiia, Hoes, Hytroi).